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Authors
Hossain, Imran https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7602-053X
Haseeb, Mohammad https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6229-8242
Haque, A. K. M. Mahmudul https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4695-3793
Khudoykulov, Khurshid
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CIR), Varendra University, Bangladesh
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Article History
Received: 4 October 2025
Accepted: 9 July 2026
First Online: 20 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study involved human participants and was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Ethics Review Committee of the Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CIR), Varendra University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh, Approval/ Reference number is: VU/ERC/2026/019. The study was conducted in accordance with relevant ethical guidelines and regulations for research involving human participants. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study prior to their participation. Participants were informed about the purpose of the study, the voluntary nature of their participation, and their right to withdraw from the study at any stage without providing any reason.
Consent for publication: Informed consent for publication was obtained from all participants included in the study. Participants consented to the use and publication of anonymized data and research findings derived from their interviews, focus group discussions, and/or responses. No personally identifiable information has been included in the manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
