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Article History

Received: 13 May 2025

Accepted: 24 January 2026

First Online: 31 January 2026

Declarations

:

: This study did not require approval from an ethics committee, as it involved an anonymous, voluntary questionnaire conducted for educational research purposes, with no collection of sensitive or identifiable personal data. According to Italian and European regulations, this type of research is exempt from formal ethics committee review, in particular Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (GDPR) and Italian Legislative Decree No. 196/2003, as amended by Legislative Decree No. 101/2018. Participants were informed about the purpose of the study, the anonymous nature of data collection, and the use of data exclusively in aggregated form for scientific research. Informed consent was obtained implicitly through voluntary completion of the questionnaire. Participants were informed about the purpose of the study, the voluntary nature of their participation, and their right to withdraw at any time. No participants under the age of 18 were involved in the data collection or educational activities described. All participants voluntarily agreed to take part in the educational activities and surveys associated with the “Glaciers & Students” project, after being informed about the aims and procedures of the study. Informed consent was collected from all participants involved in the study prior to participation.

: All participants provided informed consent for the publication of non-identifying data and photographic material in this open-access article. No identifying personal information is presented. The individuals depicted in the included photograph explicitly agreed to its publication for educational and research dissemination purposes. Informed consent for publication was obtained from all participants. No participants under the age of 18 were involved.

: The authors declare no competing interests.