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Article History

Received: 27 November 2025

Accepted: 15 February 2026

First Online: 19 February 2026

Declarations

:

: All experimental protocols and methods used in this study were approved by the ethics committee of the Department of Geography and Environment, University of Dhaka. All procedures involving human participants (household survey) were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations, including the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants or respondents included in the household survey of this study.

: The authors affirm that the participants provided informed consent for the publication of the research findings.

: The authors declare no competing interests.