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Authors
Musenge, Danny Chisanga
Phiri, Darius
Namukonde, Ngawo
Zulu, Donald
Mulenga, Gift
Nyirenda, Vincent R.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Federal ministry of Education and Research of Germany (SASSCAL 2.0)
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Article History
Received: 5 January 2026
Accepted: 11 July 2026
First Online: 17 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted under the ethical clearance No.2023/2/13/1 issued by The Copperbelt University, and research permit No. NPW/8/27/1 issued by Department of National Parks and Wildlife (DNPW). Not applicable.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
