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Authors
Allu, Srinivasa Rao
Bhumik, Amiya
Chandini, Shaik
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Article History
Received: 12 June 2025
Accepted: 24 September 2025
First Online: 7 October 2025
Declarations
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: The study was conducted by the ethical principles and approved by the institutional review board of Lincoln University College, Malaysia.
: All authors have read and approved the final manuscript and consent to its publication to Publish in Discover Civil Engineering.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Participation was voluntary, and participants had the right to withdraw at any stage without penalty.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
