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Article History

Received: 12 July 2025

Accepted: 6 November 2025

First Online: 19 November 2025

Declarations

:

: Not applicable. This study utilized publicly available atmospheric data from satellite observations and reanalysis datasets. No human or animal subjects were involved in this research.

: Not applicable. This study did not involve human participants.

: Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any individual person's data in any form.

: The authors declare no competing interests.