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Authors
Ngutuka, Mélanie Kinzunga
Matondo, Daniel Masisa
Bangelesa, Freddy
Kianu, Bernard Phanzu
Kabengele, Benoit Obel
Tangou, Thierry Tabou
Konde, Joël Nkiama
Irankunda, Elisephane
Kiyombo, Guillaume Mbela
Kayembe, Jean Marie Ntumba
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Article History
Received: 30 August 2025
Accepted: 2 December 2025
First Online: 13 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted using collective, anonymized, and non-individual data obtained from open-access international databases. No intervention was performed with human participants. No ethics committee approval was required in accordance with ethical guidelines.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
