Shao, Qiuli
Xiao, Bin
Cui, Chaoran
Li, Yan
Li, Yunzhou
Liu, Hao
Zhao, Xinhua
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42306038)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42206001)
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China (ZR202102240074)
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2022QD070)
Major Innovation Project of Science, Education and Industry Integration Pilot Project of Qilu University of Technology (2025ZDYS01)
Major Innovation Project of Science, Education and Industry Integration Pilot Project of Qilu University of Technology (2023JBZ02)
Science-Education-Industry Integration Pilot Project in Qilu University of Technology (2023PY077)
Article History
Received: 27 August 2025
Revised: 26 December 2025
Accepted: 31 December 2025
First Online: 2 February 2026
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: Informed consent for publication was obtained from all participants.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.