Liu, Bingliang https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1926-6496
Huang, Xiao
Chang, Cheng
Wan, Xin
Liu, Mingrong
Li, Rui
Li, Jun
Li, Qiang
Tao, Yang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0961-9542
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province (2024NSFSC1202)
Open Projects of the Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Critical Strategic Materials of Vanadium and Titanium (25FTZLCL0012)
Open Projects of the Sichuan Provincial University Key Laboratory for Solar Energy Technology Integration and Application Promotion (TYNSYS-2023-Z-03)
the start-up funds provided by Chengdu University (Z3785)
Article History
Received: 13 November 2025
Revised: 17 February 2026
Accepted: 7 March 2026
First Online: 2 April 2026
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.