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Authors
Farhan, Rida
Rana, Irfan Ahmad
Baig, Farrukh
- License Information
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Article History
Received: 23 December 2024
Accepted: 11 August 2025
First Online: 20 August 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of NUST, Islamabad, and conducted in accordance with its guidelines and the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained where applicable, or approval for exemption was granted. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.
: The authors affirm that human research participants provided informed consent to publish the data.
: Dr. Irfan Ahmad Rana declares they are an Editorial Board Member of Discover Cities and confirms that they were not involved in the handling or decision-making of their own submission.
