Document is current

Article History

Received: 30 June 2025

Accepted: 12 January 2026

First Online: 9 February 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at Texas Tech University (IRB Protocol ID: IRB2025-349, approved on June 4, 2025). All procedures adhered to the ethical standards of our institutional and national research committee and complied with relevant international guidelines, including the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki or comparable national standards.

: All participants provided informed consent for the anonymized results of the study to be published, ensuring no personally identifiable information is disclosed.

: As the research data are not publicly archived in a repository, no DOI or persistent identifier is available. We have cited all third-party data sources used within the manuscript as appropriate, following Springer Nature’s data citation guidelines for transparency and traceability.

: The authors declare no competing interests.