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Authors
Marine, Buzuneh Tasfa https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0180-9669
Mengistie, Dagne Tesfaye
Zewde, Mihiret Genene
Kassie, Maru Zewdu
Dimore, Abraham Lomboro
Duftu, Kitesa Biresa
Begna, Tolesa Futasa
Wudu, Habitamu
Osman, Abdisalan Ahmed
Gebeyehu, Asaye Alamneh
Alemu, Chekol
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Article History
Received: 6 February 2025
Accepted: 19 August 2025
First Online: 21 August 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Jigjiga University. The ethical procedures and consent processes were reviewed and approved by the IRB committee. Confidentiality was maintained, data collected solely for research purposes. The study adhered to the guiding principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, emphasizing ethical conduct and participant protection. Written informed consent was obtained separately from the mothers of the children included in the study. Mothers provided consent on behalf of their children aged 12–23 months to participate in the research. In addition, the mothers themselves gave written informed consent to participate as study subjects. All participants were clearly informed of their right to withdraw from the study at any time without consequence.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
