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Article History

Received: 23 November 2025

Accepted: 18 February 2026

First Online: 8 April 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: Not applicable. The study used the publicly available data in the GEO database. This study used secondary, de-identified datasets. Therefore, individual informed consent to participate was not required. Data access complied with the terms and conditions of the dataset providers.

: The findings derived from these datasets were obtained in accordance with the data use agreements. No individual patient data are disclosed.