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Article History

Received: 1 July 2025

Accepted: 23 February 2026

First Online: 9 April 2026

Declarations

:

: Ethical clearance was obtained from the research and ethical review committee of the School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Gondar. The ethical approval number for the study is Ref No. SBMLS/184/2022. The study was conducted following the Declaration of Helsinki. A Permission letter was also obtained from UoGCSH medical director, School of midwifery, and head of medical laboratory. Another Permission letter was also taken from the clinical directors and head of FGAE. To ensure privacy of the study participant’s information, three level codes were used so that the name and any identifier of participants were not used on the questionnaire and laboratory requests. Each study data was collected after informed consent was obtained from participant. Participants with abnormal test results were communicated through data collectors and linked to nearest hospital for treatment and medical consultation purposes.

: Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any form (including individual details, images, or videos) that require consent for publication.

: The authors declare no competing interests.