Ali, Sayed Gaber https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9377-8641
Alatroush, Hatem https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6231-1080
Omar, Emad Eldeen
Kotb, Mamdouh https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8327-2208
Abouel-wafa, Mohamed https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3641-5617
Article History
Received: 19 August 2025
Accepted: 8 December 2025
First Online: 2 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The study obtained ethics approval from Cairo university faculty of medicine Research Ethical Committee (REC). All participants or their next-of-kin received all required information regarding study procedures. Due to the non-interventional design of the study, the ethics comity waived the obligation for signed consent.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.