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Authors
Alsharif, Lana Zaid
Alsharif, Rehaf Essa
Alshareef, Lujain Zaid
Sabbagh, Leen Wadeea
El-Fiky, Amir Abdel-Raouf
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Article History
Received: 29 May 2025
Accepted: 12 March 2026
First Online: 19 May 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Umm Al-Qura University Institutional Research Board (IRB) (approval number: HAPO-02-K-012-2024-01-1972). Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
