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Performance variation and implementation barriers of large language models in clinical healthcare: a systematic review

Published Online: 2026-06-23

Published Print: 2026-12

Authors

Mohammed, Samer

Abdulhussein Abdulameer, Khalid

Salih, Mahmood

Akeel Al-hussaniy, Hany
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-06-23

Version of Record valid from 2026-06-23
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Article History

Received: 27 March 2026

Accepted: 31 May 2026

First Online: 23 June 2026

Declarations

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: Challenges in obtaining meaningful patient consent for AI-assisted care, particularly in time-critical or routine-documentation contexts, were noted in eight studies.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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