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Article History

Received: 22 September 2025

Accepted: 6 February 2026

First Online: 18 February 2026

Declarations

:

: Not applicable. The plant material used in this study was obtained from discarded waste wood collected from a local furniture workshop and was not sourced from the wild. Therefore, no specific ethical approval, permissions, or licenses were required. The collection and use of Acacia auriculiformis complied with local and national guidelines for plant material use in research.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.