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Article History

Received: 17 April 2025

Accepted: 11 June 2025

First Online: 17 June 2025

Declarations

:

: The plant samples used in the study were collected from the Botanical Garden of Korambayil Ahamed Haji Memorial Unity Women’s College, Manjeri, Malappuram, Kerala, India by Shibla Banu Kalathingal (one of the authors) on 20th July 2023, with the necessary permissions and in accordance with national guidelines. The material was identified by Dr. Sanoj E., Associate Professor at The Zamorin’s Guruvayurappan College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India, and a voucher specimen was deposited at UNITY HERBARIUM with the ID, UWC 34.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.