Manasa, Y.
Beulah, P.
Karthika, G.
Jaldhani, V.
Venkata, V. G. N. Tripura
Raghuraman, K. K.
Arivin, M.
Rao, D. Sanjeeva
Mangrauthia, S. K.
HariPrasad, A. S.
Sundaram, R. M.
Satya, A. Krishna
Sudhakar, P.
Rao, P. Raghuveer
Senguttuvel, P.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Department of Biotechnology, Government of India; Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of Rice Research. (DBT-Sanction order Number and Date: BT/PR7488/AGIII/103/865/2013.)
Article History
Received: 6 March 2025
Accepted: 15 October 2025
First Online: 26 October 2025
Declarations
:
: All the experiments carried out on plants were carried out in accordance with the guidelines of ICAR – Indian Institute of Rice Research.
: Not applicable.
: Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) varieties used in this study were developed through research experiments conducted at the ICAR–Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR–IIRR), Hyderabad, India. The plant material was taxonomically authenticated by Dr. P. Senguttuvel, Principal Scientist (Hybrid Rice), ICAR–IIRR. Representative seed samples are preserved at ICAR–IIRR for future reference. All procedures for plant collection and experimentation adhered to institutional, national, and international guidelines and regulations, in accordance with the IUCN Policy Statement on Research Involving Species at Risk of Extinction and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.
: The authors declare no competing interests.