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Article History

Received: 4 February 2025

Accepted: 12 November 2025

First Online: 18 November 2025

Declarations

:

: Not applicable, as the research did not involve human participants or animals. This study was conducted exclusively with guava plant ( Psidium guajava ) in accordance with applicable ethical and legal guidelines. As for the permission needed for collection of plant material in the study area, it was not applicable. Moreover, all stages of the work followed current research ethics standards and the guidelines, ensuring compliance with the standards required for conducting scientific activities with biological materials.

: Not applicable, as the research does not involve humans or animals, nor does it include vulnerable populations.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.