Poornalakshmi, Marimuthu
Kanmani Bharathi, Jothi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1774-7314
Prathyusha Neelam, Siva Sankar Sai
Gurumoorthy, Panneerselvam
Divya, Murugaiyan
Prakash, Muthu Arjuna Samy https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1949-3912
Anandan, Ramaswamy https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0037-9191
Article History
Received: 23 June 2025
Accepted: 14 January 2026
First Online: 29 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The collection of plant material and the associated field survey were conducted in strict compliance with the provisions of the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, and all applicable local and national regulations of India. Prior formal permission for plant exploration, collection, and field investigations was obtained from the respective landowners and the competent botanical authorities, including the Department of Botany (Annamalai Nagar), the concerned Horticulture Department authorities of Aanaikuppam and Cuddalore District, and the authorized management of Arya Vaidya Pharmacy Pvt. Ltd. All research activities were carried out in accordance with ethical, legal, and biodiversity conservation standards governing plant-based research. This study did not involve human participants, and therefore consent to participate was not required.
: This study did not involve human participants, human data, or identifiable personal information; therefore, consent for publication was not required.
: The authors declare no competing interests.