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Article History

Received: 25 January 2026

Accepted: 16 June 2026

First Online: 21 June 2026

Declarations

:

: This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors. The use of cucumber ( Cucumis sativus ) seeds in this study complied with institutional, national and international guidelines. All materials were cultivated under field conditions and were not collected from the wild. No specific collection permits or licenses were required, as no wild specimens were collected.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: The cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) seeds used in this study were commercially purchased from Agriseed Ltd., Accra, Ghana. The plants were cultivated specifically at the research fields of CSIR-Plant Genetic Resources Research Institute. As commercially sourced seeds were used and all plant material was cultivated within the institution’s research facilities, no specific collection permits or licenses were required.

: The authors declare no competing interests.