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Article History

Received: 23 January 2026

Accepted: 30 July 2026

First Online: 5 August 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: Plant collection was conducted in accordance with the applicable Brazilian legislation and institutional guidelines for scientific research involving native flora. Field sampling complied with national regulations governing access to genetic heritage, registered in SisGen under number A338DAC. Sampling also followed the IUCN Policy Statement on Research Involving Species at Risk of Extinction and internationally recognized principles for the ethical collection and reporting of plant material. The collection and reporting of wild plant material complied with applicable institutional, Brazilian national, and international guidelines and legislation. Permission to access and collect plant material was obtained from SISBIO 79540-1. The activity involving access to Genetic Heritage, as summarized below, was duly registered in the National System for the Management of Genetic Heritage and Associated Traditional Knowledge (SisGen), in compliance with Law No. 13,123/2015 and its regulations, under registration number A338DAC. Ethics approval and consent to participate were not applicable, as there was no requirement for the project to be submitted to an ethics committee.

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

IUCN policy: This study is in accordance with The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Policy Statement on Research Involving Species at Risk of Extinction. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and the CITES Appendices were consulted for the study taxa, and no plant material was internationally traded or exported.

Plant reproducibility: All plant material consisted of stem bark of wild individuals collected in April 2022 in the ILTER/PELD Catimbau permanent plots, Catimbau National Park, municipalities of Buíque and Tupanatinga, Pernambuco, Brazil (Table 1). The plant material was identified by Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque and confirmed by taxonomic specialists of the Herbário Dárdano de Andrade Lima, Empresa Pernambucana de Pesquisa Agropecuária (IPA), Recife, Pernambuco 50751-000, Brazil, where voucher specimens were deposited. Scientific names, taxonomic authorities and publication years were verified against Plants of the World Online (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; accessed 20 July 2026). The sampling plots and voucher accession numbers of each species are as follows: Annona leptopetala (R.E.Fr.) H.Rainer, Annonaceae — plots R70 (8°27′58.36″ S, 37°19′02.23″ W) and R37; voucher IPA 93471. Cenostigma microphyllum (Mart. ex G.Don) Gagnon & G.P.Lewis, Fabaceae — plots R70 (8°27′58.36″ S, 37°19′02.23″ W), P11 (8°31′00.13″ S, 37°13′29.20″ W), R45 (8°31′32.49″ S, 37°15′00.72″ W) and P27 (8°30′40.56″ S, 37°16′37.13″ W); voucher IPA 91695. Chloroleucon foliolosum (Benth.) G.P.Lewis, Fabaceae — plots P10 (8°32′07.43″ S, 37°13′48.39″ W) and P30 (8°30′59.88″ S, 37°14′41.79″ W); voucher IPA 90278. Commiphora leptophloeos (Mart.) J.B.Gillett, Burseraceae — plots P08 (8°26′58,52″ S, 37°17′57,63″ W), P04 (8°30′26.07″ S, 37°21′18.21″ W), R20 (8°33′08.28″ S, 37°14′37.47″ W) and R37; voucher IPA 91663. Handroanthus impetiginosus (Mart. ex DC.) Mattos, Bignoniaceae — plots R70 (8°27′58.36″ S, 37°19′02.23″ W) and R45 (8°31′32.49″ S, 37°15′00.72″ W); voucher IPA 86867. Jatropha mutabilis (Pohl) Baill., Euphorbiaceae — plots R70 (8°27′58.36″ S, 37°19′02.23″ W) and R20 (8°33′08.28″ S, 37°14′37.47″ W); voucher IPA 91650. Peltogyne pauciflora Benth., Fabaceae — plots P04 (8°30′26.07″ S, 37°21′18.21″ W) and R20 (8°33′08.28″ S, 37°14′37.47″ W); voucher IPA 93435. Pityrocarpa moniliformis (Benth.) Luckow & R.W.Jobson, Fabaceae — plots R70 (8°27′58.36″ S, 37°19′02.23″ W), P08 (8°26′58.52″ S, 37°17′57.63″ W), P04 (8°30′26.07″ S, 37°21′18.21″ W), P11 (8°31′00.13″ S, 37°13′29.20″ W), R17 (8°33′45.76″ S, 37°15′28.08″ W), R20 (8°33′08.28″ S, 37°14′37.47″ W), P30 (8°30′59.88″ S, 37°14′41.79″ W) and R37; voucher IPA 91651. Senegalia bahiensis (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger, Fabaceae — plots P08 (8°26′58.52″ S, 37°17′57.63″ W) and R17 (8°33′45.76″ S, 37°15′28.08″ W); voucher IPA 91697. Senegalia piauhiensis (Benth.) Bocage & L.P.Queiroz, Fabaceae — plots P04 (8°30′26.07″ S, 37°21′18.21″ W) and R17 (8°33′45.76″ S, 37°15′28.08″ W); voucher IPA 91647.