Bird, Liam
Shao, Yiheng
Pang, Boyi
Robinson, James
Shearing, Paul
Funding for this research was provided by:
Faraday Institution (FIRG083)
Innovate UK (10040939)
Royal Academy of Engineering (CiET1718 59)
Department of Science, Innovation and Technology
Article History
Received: 20 October 2025
Accepted: 17 January 2026
First Online: 10 April 2026
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.