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Article History

Received: 16 May 2025

Accepted: 23 September 2025

First Online: 5 October 2025

Declarations

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: This study, "Geospatial analysis of soil hydraulic properties in the ETI Mpanga irrigation scheme of Rwanda”, adheres to the highest ethical standards in scientific research. Field data collection was conducted with proper authorization from relevant authorities and landowners in Rwanda, ensuring no violation of private property rights. As the research involved solely geospatial analysis and soil sampling without human or animal subjects, institutional review board approval was not required. All remote sensing data were obtained from open-access platforms with proper attribution provided. The authors affirm no conflicts of interest and acknowledge all funding sources in the manuscript. The research maintains scientific integrity through original analysis, proper citation practices, and minimal environmental impact during field sampling. This work complies with both international publishing ethics and Rwanda’s national research regulations. The authors affirm that the research presented in this manuscript was conducted in accordance with ethical standards. This study did not involve any experiments with human participants or animals. All data used were obtained from publicly accessible sources or collected in compliance with local and national regulations governing environmental and agricultural research. Necessary permissions were obtained from relevant authorities for field data collection and spatial analysis within the ETI Mpanga Irrigation Scheme area in the Lower Akagera Catchment of Rwanda.

: I, the undersigned, hereby give my full consent to participate in the publication of the research paper titled “Geospatial analysis of soil hydraulic properties in the ETI Mpanga irrigation scheme of Rwanda”. I confirm that I have contributed to the research and/or review of this work and approve its content for publication. I understand the purpose of this publication and agree to the inclusion of my name as a co-author or contributor, as applicable. Furthermore, I acknowledge that the data presented is accurate to the best of my knowledge, and I consent to its public dissemination in accordance with academic and ethical standards.

: All authors have reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript and consent to its submission and potential publication in the journal of Discover Soil. The authors confirm that the manuscript has not been published elsewhere and is not under consideration by any other journal. Should the article be accepted for publication, the authors agree to abide by the journal’s licensing and rights policies as required by the publisher, Springer Nature.

: The authors declare no competing interests.