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Authors
Abbas, Muhammad https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8009-2993
Depar, Nizamuddin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3378-8928
Ullah, Sana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5862-3150
Irfan, Muhammad https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7725-9956
Shah, Javaid Ahmed https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5009-5114
Afzal, Javaria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6638-7493
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Article History
Received: 30 May 2025
Accepted: 8 December 2025
First Online: 15 December 2025
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: The cultivation and collection of plant material complied with all relevant institutional,local, and national guidelines for research on cultivated crop species. No wild or endangeredplant species were used in this study.
: The wheat genotypes used in this research were obtained from our own institute’sbreeding program, and no external collection or special permissions were required.
: Seed material of wheat genotypes/varieties was provided by the Plant Breeding and Genetics Division of NIA-Tandojam.
: This study does not involve human participants or clinical data.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
