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Article History

Received: 26 April 2025

Revised: 12 June 2025

Accepted: 20 June 2025

First Online: 30 June 2025

Declarations

:

: The author declare no competing interests.

: The ethics committee approval was obtained from Gümüşhane University Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee (Date 23.02.2022, Decision No: 2022/1). Written permission was obtained from Giresun Provincial Health Directorate. This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Pregnant women were informed about the study by the investigator and it was explained that personal information would be kept confidential. Verbal consent was obtained from those who volunteered. At the same time, data were collected after marking the statement “Volunteer to participate in the research” on the questionnaire form. This procedure was approved by the ethics committee.

: Consent to Publish declarations: not applicable.

: Clinical trial number: not applicable.