Funding for this research was provided by:
Ongoing Research Funding program, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. (ORF-2025-933)
Article History
Received: 17 August 2025
Revised: 28 September 2025
Accepted: 1 October 2025
First Online: 10 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted following the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval from the Institutional Review Board of King Saud University (Approval No. E-24–9466, issued on 21 January 2025). The Institutional Review Board waived the requirement for informed consent as the study was retrospective and based solely on anonymized data.
: Not Applicable.