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Authors
Özdemir, Serdar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6186-6110
Erdil Gündüz, Fahriye Naz https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8669-1188
Odabaşı, Turancan https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6287-1006
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Article History
Received: 29 August 2025
Revised: 24 November 2025
Accepted: 25 November 2025
First Online: 4 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration and was approved by the Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Approval No.: 21, Date: 12/22/2022). Since patient data were retrospectively analyzed, the requirement for individual informed consent was waived by the ethics committee. Patient identities were kept confidential, and all data were anonymized and used solely for scientific purposes. Data access was restricted to the researchers, and the highest level of personal privacy and data security was maintained. All procedures were carried out in compliance with the Personal Data Protection Law and Good Clinical Practice guidelines to ensure the protection of patient rights.
: Not applicable.
