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Article History

Received: 11 April 2026

Revised: 9 May 2026

Accepted: 12 May 2026

First Online: 23 June 2026

Declarations

:

: Author Andrej Thurzo is a Member of the Editorial Board of the Bratislava Medical Journal. He was recused from all editorial handling of this manuscript and had no role in the peer-review process, editorial evaluation, or decision-making regarding its publication. The manuscript was managed and reviewed independently to ensure an objective and unbiased assessment. The authors declare no other conflicts of interest.

: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the National Institute of Children’s Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia (approval number EK/02/9/2022).

: Prior to participation, all legal guardians of the patients received detailed information regarding the objectives, procedures, and potential risks of the study. Written informed consent was obtained from the legal guardians for the inclusion of their children in the research. All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee, the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments, and the applicable legislation of the Slovak Republic governing biomedical research.

: Written informed consent for the use and publication of clinical photographic documentation for scientific and educational purposes was obtained from all legal guardians.