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Article History

Received: 20 March 2025

Accepted: 19 September 2025

First Online: 24 September 2025

Declarations

:

: This review was conducted in accordance with ethical standards for academic research and publication. The authors confirm that no human participants or animals were involved in the creation of this review paper, and therefore, ethical approval was not required. All sources and references have been properly cited to acknowledge the contributions of other researchers. The authors have adhered to best practices for transparency, integrity, and objectivity in the preparation and presentation of this review.

: I, Salim Barbhuiya, hereby grant permission for the publication of the manuscript in the Journal of Discover Concrete and Cement. I confirm that the work described is original and has not been previously published nor under consideration for publication elsewhere. All co-authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript and agree to its submission for publication.

: The authors declare no competing interests.