Peng, Qi https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1277-8514
Zhang, Kun https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9195-8000
Zheng, Bing https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1561-4075
Ning, Hao https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3508-3635
Funding for this research was provided by:
Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund (ZDYF2024GXJS034)
Hainan Engineering Research Center for Virtual Reality Technology and Systems (Qiong fa Gai gao ji [2023] 818)
the Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province (YSPTZX202036)
the Education Department of Hainan Province (Hnky2024ZD-24)
the Sanya Science and Technology Special Fund (2022KJCX30)
Article History
Received: 20 April 2025
Accepted: 10 June 2025
First Online: 15 July 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.