Liu, Hai
Hu, Shengqing
Zhou, NaNa
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62062017)
the Research Fund Program of Guizhou University of Finance and Economics (2022XSXMA01)
the Key Laboratory Building Program of Blockchain and Fintech of Department of Education of Guizhou Province (QIAN JIAO JI[2023]014)
the Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computing and Network Convergence Building Program (ZSYS[2025]005)
Article History
Received: 11 August 2025
Accepted: 18 December 2025
First Online: 3 January 2026
Declarations
:
: All authors have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this paper.