Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Al-Azhar University
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 28 April 2025
Accepted: 22 July 2025
First Online: 5 August 2025
Declarations
:
: Research Ethical Committee (REC) approval was obtained for all experiments, and the research adhered to all applicable rules, regulations, and licensing requirements. As it involved only archived teeth from unidentified donors and did not include interventions involving human or animal subjects, the study did not require further ethical assessment. The ethical review was approved under code REC-PD-24–08.
: Not applicable (in vitro study).
: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to the inclusion of their extracted teeth in the study.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
: Not applicable (in vitro study).
