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Authors
Alrabeah, Ghada O. https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6450-9725
AlGhazzi, Abdullatif A.
AlOtaibi, Naif H.
AlAnzan, Ali N.
AlOtaibi, Khalid F.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Culture, Saudi Arabia
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Article History
Received: 2 May 2025
Accepted: 29 July 2025
First Online: 13 August 2025
Declarations
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: No ethical approval was required. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the College of Dentistry Research Center (Registration number IR-0494; Dated: 13–05-2024).
: All authors agree for publication of research.
: All authors consent to participate in the research.
: “The authors declare no conflicts of interest.”
