Zulkapli, Rahayu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0818-7984
Sabirin, Faezah
Salleh, Anis Najihah
Zulaidi, Nurul Zurain Fatiha
Rahim, Iman Nabilah Abd
Aziz, Muhammad Nazirul Mubin
Article History
Received: 16 March 2025
Accepted: 20 November 2025
First Online: 2 December 2025
Declarations
:
: This study was ethically approved by the Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Research Ethics Committee. The approval code for the study is REC/02/2020 (UG/MR/74).
: Not applicable.
: All authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.