Albassam, Hussam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5544-9177
Alobid, Saad
Almutairi, Faris
Altowairqi, Faisal
Funding for this research was provided by:
Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University (ORF-2025-853)
Article History
Received: 14 September 2025
Accepted: 5 February 2026
First Online: 24 February 2026
Declarations
:
: Ethical approval was unnecessary for this research, as it involved only commercially available established cell lines, adhering to local legislation and institutional guidelines.
: The authors report there are no competing interests to declare.