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Authors
Asrawi, Iman
Al-Maqbali, Juhaina Salim
Cabral, Ana C.
Castel-Branco, Margarida
Figueiredo, Isabel V.
Fernandez-Llimos, Fernando
Al Maskari, Raya
Al Alawi, Abdullah M.
Al Shidhani, Asma
Al Za’abi, Mohammed https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2019-1022
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Article History
Received: 8 December 2025
Accepted: 2 April 2026
First Online: 4 May 2026
Declarations
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: This study received ethical clearance from the Sultan Qaboos University Medical Research Ethics Committee (SQU-EC/207/2024; MREC #3408; 17 July 2024) and was conducted in strict accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants in a private setting prior to enrollment. Participation was entirely voluntary and did not influence routine clinical care. Data confidentiality was maintained by assigning unique study identifiers and securely storing linkage keys on password-protected, restricted-access institutional servers.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests related to this research.
: Declaration of AI Assistance. During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used ChatGPT (OpenAI; accessed 11 October 2025) to assist with language editing and reference formatting. The authors critically reviewed and revised all AI-assisted text and accept full responsibility for the integrity and accuracy of the final manuscript. No AI tools were used for data collection, statistical analysis, or drawing scientific conclusions, and no confidential or personally identifiable data were entered into the tool.
