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Authors
Sallam, Moaz Ahmed https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7458-9528
Hamza, Haitham https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6987-596X
Shaheen, Sara Mahmoud https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5295-6926
Ahmed, Marwa Adel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5193-9523
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Article History
Received: 13 November 2025
Accepted: 2 April 2026
First Online: 19 August 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.
Ethical statement: The study protocol was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Faculty of Pharmacy Ethics Committee, Ain Shams University (ACUC-FP-ASU).
