Document is current

Article History

Received: 21 June 2025

Revised: 17 October 2025

Accepted: 22 October 2025

First Online: 27 January 2026

Change Date: 14 February 2026

Change Type: Update

Change Details: The original online version of this article was revised: The Data availability section is updated.

Declarations

:

: This study involving the human sera samples that were collected at UCLA Health and stored in the COVID Plasma biobank repository, which was approved by the Ethics Committee of UCLA. All participants were fully informed about the study and provided written consent.

: Not Applicable.

: The corresponding author Genhong Cheng is Deputy Editor of the journal Immunity & Inflammation. However, he was not involved in the peer-review or decision-making process for this manuscript. The authors declare no other competing interests.