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Authors
Ghadimi, Sara https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4676-1652
Erickson, Alexander J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1025-427X
Vaughan, Mia
Mitchell, Michael N.
Josephson, Karen
Badr, M. Safwan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5769-5243
Martin, Jennifer L. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0849-3391
Zeidler, Michelle https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0997-9713
Alessi, Cathy https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0396-9066
Fung, Constance H. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0140-7932
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (IIR 17-234)
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (RCS20-191)
National Institute on Aging (R01AG057929)
National Institute on Aging (K23AG045937)
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR001881)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (K24HL143055)
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Article History
Received: 19 December 2025
Revised: 13 March 2026
Accepted: 7 April 2026
First Online: 21 May 2026
Declarations
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: Research involving Human Participants and/or Animals: The study was approved by the institutional review boards of the University of California, Los Angeles and the VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System. The study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all enrolled participants.
: All authors have approved the manuscript for submission.
: Dr Fung reported nonfinancial support from Department of Veterans Affairs as a Department of Veteran's Affairs (VA)/Department of Defense Clinical Practice Guideline committee member, with travel paid to attend guideline committee meeting outside the submitted work; in addition, Dr Fung had a patent for WO2021087456A1 pending. Dr Martin reported grants from VA Health Systems Research and grants from NIH/NHLBI during the conduct of the study. Dr. Martin received research funding unrelated to this project from MediBio Inc.
