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Authors
Ahdab, Jad El
Rodriguez, Carlos L.
Grigg-Damberger, Madeleine
Araujo, Matheus Lima Diniz
Andrews, Noah D.
Thanaviratananich, Sikawat
Foldvary-Schaefer, Nancy
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Article History
Received: 24 March 2026
Revised: 1 June 2026
Accepted: 2 June 2026
First Online: 9 July 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) of the Cleveland Clinic.
: All authors have reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript and consent to its publication.
: Nancy Foldvary-Schaefer has received grant support from Alkermes, Avadel, Harmony Biosciences, Jazz, Suven, Takeda, and Vanda Pharmaceuticals and royalties from Oxford University Press and UpToDate. Susan Redline has received grant support from the NIH, PCORI, and Proxima CRO; consulting fees from Amgen Inc.; and serves as Editor-in-Chief of Sleep Health. Carlos L. Rodriguez, Jad El Ahdab, Madeleine Grigg-Damberger, Matheus Lima Diniz Araujo, Noah D. Andrews, and Sikawat Thanaviratananich have no conflict of interest to declare.
