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Authors
Abd El-Kareem, Dalia
Salem, Mostafa Mohamed Samy
El Shereef, Zeinab Abdel Azeem
Torkey, Muhammad Abdelrahman
Abou-fandoud, Sara Mohamed
Elzohery., Nora Tawhid Abdelfattah
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Article History
Received: 25 February 2026
Accepted: 21 September 2026
First Online: 30 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in accordance with Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by Research Ethics Committee, faculty of medicine, Cairo university (code: MD-446-2023). We would like to clarify that Research Ethics Committee waived the requirement for written consent from the patients for the use of their tissue specimens for research purposes. The specimens were collected as part of routine diagnostic procedures at Kasr Al Ainy Hospital, Cairo University, an academic medical and research center. The study was retrospective, and no additional invasive procedures were performed for the purposes of the study. The Research Ethics Committee is an institutional committee affiliated with the Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University (Kasr Al-Ainy). This is the same institution listed in the author affiliations for the relevant authors.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
