Ahmed, N.
Greenberg, P.
Article History
Received: 1 February 2017
Accepted: 18 April 2017
First Online: 15 May 2017
Compliance with ethical standards
: All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Institutional Review Board of Meridian Health and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008. Since the study was done using a de-identified National database from the American College of Surgeons that is available to all researchers, this study was exempted from IRB review as per policy.
: The authors (Nasim Ahmed and Patricia Greenberg) declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
: Given that this study was done using a de-identified National database from the American College of Surgeons that is available to all researchers, this study was exempted from IRB review as per policy and no informed consent was required.