Jin, Qiao http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1185-9251
Lau, Eric S. H.
Luk, Andrea O.
Tam, Claudia H. T.
Ozaki, Risa
Lim, Cadmon K. P.
Wu, Hongjiang
Chow, Elaine Y. K.
Kong, Alice P. S.
Lee, Heung Man
Fan, Baoqi
Ng, Alex C. W.
Jiang, Guozhi
Lee, Ka Fai
Siu, Shing Chung
Hui, Grace
Tsang, Chiu Chi
Lau, Kam Piu
Leung, Jenny Y.
Tsang, Man-wo
Cheung, Elaine Y. N.
Kam, Grace
Lau, Ip Tim
Li, June K.
Yeung, Vincent T. F.
Lau, Emmy
Lo, Stanley
Fung, Samuel
Cheng, Yuk Lun
Chow, Chun Chung
Yu, Weichuan
Tsui, Stephen K. W.
Tomlinson, Brian
Huang, Yu
Lan, Hui-yao
Szeto, Cheuk Chun
So, Wing Yee
Jenkins, Alicia J.
Fung, Erik
Muilwijk, Mirthe
Blom, Marieke T.
‘t Hart, Leen M.
Chan, Juliana C. N.
Ma, Ronald C. W. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1227-803X
,
Funding for this research was provided by:
Research Grants Council Theme-based Research Scheme (T12-402/13N)
the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (CU R4012-18)
Article History
Received: 27 July 2023
Accepted: 3 January 2024
First Online: 27 February 2024
Acknowledgements
: The authors thank all the participants and investigators of HKDB for their contributions, and the medical and nursing staff of the participating hospitals for their professional input and support.
: The datasets used during the current study are available from the corresponding author (RCWM) upon reasonable request.
: This work was supported by a grant from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (CU R4012-18), Research Grants Council Theme-based Research Scheme (T12-402/13N), the Focused Innovation Scheme, the University Grants Matching Scheme, and a Croucher Foundation Senior Medical Research Fellowship. The metabolomic studies in the DCS cohort were performed within the framework of the Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure (BBMRI) Metabolomics Consortium funded by BBMRI-NL, a research infrastructure financed by the Dutch Research Council, NWO (grant numbers 184021.007 and 184033.111). It was also funded by ZonMW Priority Medicines Elderly (grant number 113102006) and the Parelsnoer Initiative (PSI). PSI is part of and is funded by the Dutch Federation of University Medical Centres and, from 2007 to 2011, received initial funding from the Dutch government. The funding sources did not have any role in the design, interpretation of the study or the decision to publish the results.
: RCWM is a member of the editorial board of <i>Diabetologia</i>. JCNC received consultancy fees or speaker honoraria from Applied Therapeutics, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celltrion, Eli Lilly, Hua Medicine, Lee Power Pharmaceuticals, Merck, MSD, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, Servier, Viatris Pharmaceutical and Zuelling Pharma. JCNC is the Chief Executive Officer (pro bono) of the Asian Diabetes Foundation. APSK received research grants from Abbott, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Kyowa Kirin, and Merck Serono, and honoraria for consultancy or giving lectures from Nestlé, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer and Sanofi. EYKC received speaker fees from Sanofi and Novartis, and institutional research funding from Sanofi, Medtronic Diabetes and Powder Pharmaceuticals Inc. RCWM received research funding from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Roche Diagnostics and Tricida Inc. for carrying out clinical trials or studies, and from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim and Merck for speaker honoraria or consultancy in advisory boards. All proceeds have been donated to the Chinese University of Hong Kong to support diabetes research. The remaining authors declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.
: QJ, AOL, AJJ, JCNC and RCWM conceptualised and designed the study. QJ, ESHL, AOL, CHTT, RO, CKPL, HW, EYKC, APSK, HML, BF, ACWN, GJ, KFL, SCS, GH, CCT, KPL, JYL, MT, EYNC, GK, ITL, JKL, VTFY, EL, SL, SF, YLC, CCC, WY, SKWT, BT, YH, H-yL, CCS, EF, WYS, JCNC and RCWM contributed to data acquisition. QJ conducted statistical analysis. QJ, AJJ, EF and RCWM were involved in data interpretation. MTB, LMH and MM conducted data acquisition and replication analyses in DCS. QJ and RCWM drafted the manuscript. All authors contributed to the editing, review and critical revision of the manuscript. WYS, JCNC and RCWM contributed to funding acquisition for the study. All authors read and approved the final version to be published. RCWM is the guarantor of this work.