Swanson, C.M. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1554-0862
Kohrt, W.M.
Wolfe, P.
Wright, K.P. Jr.
Shea, S.A.
Cain, S.W.
Munch, M.
Vujović, N.
Czeisler, C.A.
Orwoll, E.S.
Buxton, O.M.
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (K23 AR070275, U01AR066160)
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR000128)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P50 HD073063)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL107240, R01HL118601, K24 HL76446, R01HL125893)
National Institute on Aging (F32AG051325, U01AG027810, U01AG042124, U01AG042140, U01AG042143, U01AG042139, U01AG042145, U01AG042168, P01 AG009975)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK099512, R01DK105072)
National Space Biomedical Research Institute (HFP01601)
National center for research resources (M01 RR02635, UL1 RR025758-01)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01 HL142064, R01HL140577)
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U19 OH010154)
U.S. Department of Defense (PT150133)
Article History
Received: 11 December 2018
Accepted: 16 August 2019
First Online: 24 August 2019
Compliance with ethical standards
: All participants provided written informed consent [CitationRef removed]. All procedures were approved by the Partners Human Research Committee and were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The current analysis used de-identified samples, was deemed nonhuman subjects research by The University of Colorado Institutional Review Board, and was approved by Brigham and Women’s Hospital institutional review board.
: WMK, PW, SWC, MM, and NV have nothing to disclose.In the interest of full disclosure, we report the following; however, we do not believe any of these pertain to the current work.CMS consulting for Radius Health, Inc.SAS received support from The Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences at Oregon Health & Science University via funds from the Division of Consumer and Business Services of the State of Oregon, and NIH grants R01 HL142064, R01 HL125893, HL125893-03A1, and R01 HL140577 (to SA Shea); DoD grant PT150133 (to L Hammer); and CDC grant U19 OH010154 (to WK Anger).KPW reports research support from the NIH, Office of Naval Research, Pac-12, Philips Inc., CurAegis Technologies (formerly known as Torvec Inc.), Somalogics; Financial relationships: consulting fees from or served as a paid member of scientific advisory boards for NIH (Sleep Disorders Research Advisory Board - National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute), CurAegis Technologies, Circadian Therapeutics, LTD, Kellogg Company; Board of Directors: Sleep Research Society; Speaker/educational consultant honorarium fees: American Academy of Sleep Medicine, American College of Chest Physicians, American Diabetes Association.CAC has received consulting fees from or served as a paid member of scientific advisory boards for: Ganésco Inc.; Institute of Digital Media and Child Development; Klarman Family Foundation; Vanda Pharmaceuticals and Washington State Board of Pilotage Commissioners. Dr. Czeisler has also received education/research support from Jazz Pharmaceuticals Plc., Inc., Optum, Philips Respironics, Inc., Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, San Francisco Bar Pilots, Sanofi S.A., Schneider Inc., Sysco, and Vanda Pharmaceuticals. He has received lecture fees from the American Academy of Dental Sleep Medicine and the University of Michigan. The Sleep and Health Education Program of the Harvard Medical School Division of Sleep Medicine, and the Sleep Matters Initiative (which Dr. Czeisler directs) have received funding for educational activities from Cephalon, Inc.; Jazz Pharmaceuticals; ResMed; Takeda Pharmaceuticals; Sanofi-Aventis, Inc.; Sepracor, Inc.; Teva Pharmaceuticals Industries Ltd.; Wake Up Narcolepsy; and Mary Ann & Stanley Snider via Combined Jewish Philanthropies. Dr. Czeisler is the incumbent of an endowed professorship provided to Harvard University by Cephalon, Inc. and holds a number of process patents in the field of sleep/circadian rhythms (e.g., photic resetting of the human circadian pacemaker). Since 1985, Dr. Czeisler has also served as an expert on various legal and technical cases related to sleep and/or circadian rhythms including those involving the following commercial entities: Casper Sleep Inc., Complete General Construction Company, Dreamcloud Holdings LLC, FedEx, Greyhound, HG Energy LLC, Level Sleep LLC, Palomar Health District, South Carolina Central Railroad Co., Steel Warehouse Inc., Stric-Lan Companies LLC, Texas Premier Resource LLC, and United Parcel Service (UPS). Dr. Czeisler owns or owned an equity interest in Vanda Pharmaceuticals. He received royalties from McGraw Hill, New England Journal of Medicine and Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. for the Actiwatch-2 and Actiwatch-Spectrum devices. Dr. Czeisler’s interests were reviewed and managed by Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Partners HealthCare in accordance with their conflict of interest policies.ESO has received research support from or consulting for Radius, Mereo, Amgen, and Bayer.OMB previously served as a consultant to Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America (speaker’s bureau), Dinsmore LLC (expert witness testimony), Matsutani America (scientific advisory board), and Chevron (speaking fees). Outside of the submitted work, prior investigator-initiated research grant support from Sepracor (now Sunovion) and Cephalon (now Teva). Outside of the current work, OMB received two subcontract grants to Pennsylvania State University from Mobile Sleep Technologies (NSF/STTR #1622766, NIH/NIA SBIR R43AG056250).