Henningfield, Jack E. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8387-0041
Rodricks, Joseph V.
Magnuson, Aaron M.
Huestis, Marilyn A.
Funding for this research was provided by:
American Kratom Association
Article History
Received: 18 March 2022
Accepted: 20 September 2022
First Online: 29 October 2022
Declarations
:
: Jack E. Henningfield is an employee of PinneyAssociates which provides scientific and regulatory consulting to the American Kratom Association (AKA) and its affiliated American Kratom Foundation (AKF), as well as to the developers of potential kratom-based dietary supplements and medicines. Marilyn A. Huestis consults with PinneyAssociates, including the AKA and AKF, as well as to the developers of potential kratom-based dietary supplements and medicines. Aaron Magnuson is an employee of Mountain West Research, LLC (formerly CARE Research, LLC) which was awarded the contract to conduct the study following a competitive bidding process. Joseph V Rodricks, PhD, is a consulting toxicologist currently employed by Ramboll Health and Environment providing global consulting services evaluating the safety and toxicology of dietary ingredients.