Seyidova, Nargiz
Chen, Austin D.
del Valle, Diana
Chi, David
Cauley, Ryan P.
Lee, Bernard T.
Lin, Samuel J.
Article History
Received: 2 October 2020
Accepted: 29 December 2020
First Online: 15 January 2021
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: Nargiz Seyidova, Austin D. Chen, Diana del Valle, David Chi, Ryan P. Cauley, Bernard T. Lee, and Samuel J. Lin declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This study was approved for exempt status from the Institutional Review Board at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.
: The NIS is a subset of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) sponsored by Agency of Healthcare Research and Quality. The NIS is a large publicly available all-payer inpatient healthcare database designed to produce US regional and national estimates of inpatient utilization, access, charges, quality, and outcomes. Developed through a Federal-State-Industry partnership sponsored by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), HCUP data inform decision-making at the national, State, and community levels. Participant use file (PUF) of de-identified data was requested from the NIS central repository. Since all data in the NIS database are de-identified, the requirement for informed consent was waived.