Perryman, Robert J.Y. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7632-0041
Carpenter, Michelle
Lie, Eric
Sofronov, Georgy
Marshall, Andrea D.
Brown, Culum
Funding for this research was provided by:
Macquarie University
Article History
Received: 10 July 2020
Revised: 31 December 2020
Accepted: 5 January 2021
First Online: 13 February 2021
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the use of animals were followed. This research was part of a larger overall project for which ethical approval for all research was granted under an Australian Animal Research Authority permit, number: 2017/037 (Social Behaviour and Social Network Analysis in a Reef Manta Ray Population). Because this was an observation study only, however, no ethical approval for the data collected during this study was required. No capture, manipulation, or harm of animals was undertaken.
: Informed consent for the publication of this manuscript has been obtained from all authors, funders, and involved organizations.
: Permission to conduct research in Indonesia was granted to RJYP by Ristek-Dikti, research permit numbers: 773/FRP/E5/Dit.Kl/IV/2016; 426/SIP/FRP/E5/Dit.Kl./XI/2017; 39/E5/E5.4/SIP/2019. All legal and institutional requirements to conduct research in Indonesia were met.
: All authors provide consent for this manuscript to be published.
: All code used for the analyses in this manuscript is available on request to the lead author.